Diphthongs- A complex speech sound beginning with one vowel sound and moving to another within the same syllable. (Words Their Way, 6th Ed.)
Examples: oy in boy, ou in cloud
Knowing and understanding diphthongs helps with pronunciation of words.
Ambiguous Vowels- A vowel sound represented by a variety of different spelling patterns, or vowel patterns that represent a wide range of sounds. (Words Their Way, 6th Ed.)
Examples: ou in cough, through, and could
Ambiguous vowels are important to spelling and pronunciation when reading.
Homophones- Words that sound alike, are spelled differently, and have different meanings. (Words Their Way, 6th Ed.)
Examples: bare and bear, to, too, two, pane and pain, forth and fourth
Example: tear (to tear a piece of paper OR to shed a tear)
Homographs can also cause confusion because they are spelled the same. These are best taught in context to better understand the meaning.
Homonyms- Words that share the same spelling but have different meanings. (Words Their Way, 6th Ed.)
Homonyms can cause confusion for students, especially in writing and knowing which word to use.
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